Clustering of fifth generation mutants of genetically - improved Kipas Putih soybean with high protein content

Abstract

Kipas Putih is one of the local varieties of soybean from Aceh, Indonesia. To improve the productivity of this variety, the irradiation mutation technique was applied. This study aimed to examine the level of genetic diversity in the M5 generation of Kipas Putih soybean using SSR markers and to identify whether any used markers were associated with the loci that control the protein content in soybean. A total of 18 SSR markers were used to amplify the DNA of 11 mutant lines of Kipas Putih. The total alleles detected were 55 alleles which range from 1 to 7 alleles per locus. The average of major allele’s frequency was 0.71 with the heterogeneity of 0.17. The PIC value ranged from 0.00 to 0.73 with an average of 0.35. Satt308 was identified as the most polymorphic marker among others since it had a PIC value greater than 0.70. The genetic distance analysis showed that the mutant lines B4, B10 and B13 had the furthest genetic distance (0.45) with the Kipas Putih (B0) soybean variety. The phylogenetic analysis showed Kipas Putih soybean and ten mutants of M5 generation grouped into four main clusters at a similarity coefficient of 0.20. Furthermore, association analysis showed that only two SSR markers, Satt577 and Satt431 were significantly associated with protein content with an R2 value of 0.7855 to 0.9643.